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Marinara (English: ''mariner's'') sauce is an Italian sauce that originated in Naples, usually made with tomatoes, garlic, herbs, and onions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Definition of marinara sauce on the Oxford Dictionary website )〕 Its many variations can include the addition of capers, olives and spices. It is occasionally sweetened with a dash of red wine. This sauce is widely used in Italian-American cuisine, which has greatly diverged from its Old World origins. Italians refer to marinara sauce only in association with other recipes. For instance, ''spaghetti alla marinara'' literally translates to "spaghetti mariner's style" (from the adjective marinara with the feminine suffix -a pertaining to ''salsa'', Italian for sauce), but tomato sauce alone in Italy is called ''sugo/salsa al/di pomodoro'' or ''pummarola'' (the latter being Neapolitan language). ==Origin== Several folk theories exist as to the origin of this sauce: One version states that cooks aboard Neapolitan ships invented marinara sauce in the mid-16th century after Spaniards introduced the tomato (a New World fruit) to Europe. The original recipe did not contain seafood, so it was resistant to spoilage due to the high acid content of tomatoes. This made it ideal for lengthy sea voyages hundreds of years before refrigeration methods were invented. Another theory states this was a sauce prepared by the wives of Neapolitan sailors upon their return from sea. Historically, however, the first Italian cookbook to include tomato sauce,〔Elizabeth David, ''Italian Food'' (1954, 1999), p 319, and John Dickie, ''Delizia! The Epic History of the Italians and Their Food'', 2008, p. 162.〕 ''Lo Scalco alla Moderna'' (''The Modern Steward''), was written by Italian chef Antonio Latini and was published in two volumes in 1692 and 1694. Latini served as the Steward of the First Minister to the Spanish Viceroy of Naples.〔〔Alan Davidson, "Europeans' Wary Encounter with Tomatoes, Potatoes, and Other New World Foods" in ''Chilies to Chocolate: Food the Americas Gave the World'', (University of Arizona Press) 1992.〕〔(Origins of Italian tomato sauce ) Foodtimeline.org. Retrieved 23 April 2011〕 This early tomato sauce was more like a modern tomato salsa. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marinara sauce」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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